Oroya

DESCRIPTION:This small group consists of small, slow-growing cacti from Peru. They have a flattened, spherical shape that eventually becomes shortly columnar. Their spines are variable and range in color from straw or gold to brown. After about five years, clusters of small, yellow- to pink-colored flowers are produced in the summer. They are followed by red, hollow berries. O. peruviana is a variable species forming a solitary stem ranging in height from 4 to 12 inches. Its spines may be golden or yellow to brown. In early summer, small flowers open at the center of the plant, sometimes in a ring. The red or orange buds open into carmine- to crimson-colored flowers centered and tinged with yellow. This species needs a minimum temperature of 50º F. It will form ugly scars if exposed to too much cold. O. neoperuviana forms a dark green, globular stem that can grow up to 16 inches high. When mature, it produces basal shoots. Its needle-sharp spines are varying shades of yellow with brown bases. Its numerous, small flowers have crimson petals which lighten towards the tip. This variety can survive a minimum temperature of 37º F.

POTTING: Grow Oroya in well-drained, rich, sandy, gravelly soil and let their soil dry out between waterings. Repot, in the spring, when their roots become cramped. Generally, they should be repotted every other year in order to provide fresh soil. However, this doesn't necessarily mean they'll need larger containers. Fill about a quarter of the pot with broken crocks, gravel, etc. to promote good drainage. Firm the potting soil. After repotting, do not water for a week or more. These cacti need strong sun.

PROPAGATION: Seeds may be sown in containers filled with a general-purpose cactus and succulent potting mix. Sprinkle the seeds evenly over the surface of the compost. Cover the seeds lightly with some grit, moisten the container and place in an area with high humidity and warmth. Transplant the seedlings when they are large enough to handle. Waiting too long until they are overcrowded can cause rot. Gently separate them so as not to damage the delicate roots. Transplanting will be easier if the soil is slightly moist. Seedlings can be potted singly or with several to a pot. They seem to do better with a few together than by themselves.

VARIETIES: O. peruviana; O. neoperuviana; O. depressa; O. tenuispina.

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